The importance of English in India

India is a country with 22 official languages in different regions. English though not the most spoken language of India is the most understood language of India. English is the only language you will see across the length and breadth of the country. English is the mainstay of our country --  the language of the government, public administration, the legislature, law courts etc. English is used in many fields more than any other language. If one has to survive in today’s competitive world one should have a good command in English.

• English is the third most spoken language in the world. Every third person can speak in English fluently. Most of the higher education books are printed in English. English is the unifying language. It acts both as a national and international link language.  
• For proper mental development it is essential that we study the best literature. If we want to shed the feeling of false superiority and to broaden our minds, we must take the best from others. Hindi serves as a lingua franca - adopted as a common spoken language by those with different native languages.
• Pandit Nehru said that "English is our major window on the modern world". It is only through English that we can establish social, economic, cultural and political relations with other countries of the world. 
• Dr. S. Radha Krishnan, Head of The University Education Commission remarked: “English be studied in high school and universities in order that we may keep in touch with the stream of ever growing knowledge. This would prevent our isolation from the world and help us to take advantage of the wider reach of the English language. English is a language which is rich in literature, humanistic, scientific and technical. If under sentimental urges we give up English, we would cut ourselves off from the living stream of ever-growing knowledge.” 
• English is the language of international politics, trade, commerce and industry. In the words of F.G. French, “By accidents of history and by the rapid spread of industrial development, science, technology, international trade, and by something like an explosion in the speed and ease of travel and by all the factors which have broken down frontiers and forced nations into closer inter-dependence, English has become a world language. It is the means of international communication; there is no other.”
• In parliamentary debates members speaking in powerful English are far more effective than members debating in Hindi and other Indian languages.
• On a global level, there has been an upward trend towards adopting English as the official language among companies and institutions and with this, it becomes imperative for individuals in India to embrace the language to order to compete in the job market.
• One out of 10 persons in the world knows English, 75% of the world's mail, 50% of the world's newspapers, over 50% of the world's radio station and more than 50% of the world's scientific and technical periodicals use English as medium of expression. 
• The corporate sector employs people who are confident and speak fluent English apart from the basic skills required for the job. If you desire a good and a well-paid job it’s very important to have a good command in English.
• Most of the technologies that are used in India are received from English nations so to use technology well, English is important. It is too tough for a person to be a specialist in any line unless he has a good command over English language.
• English must be studied as an important foreign language. It must also continue to be the medium of instruction, in science, technology, and in other subjects in higher classes. Knowing English is little about a foreign culture and all about your being part of every aspect of life as a modern person. At the same time, our national language Hindi & other regional languages should not be ignored.

People have understood the fact that good knowledge of English is the key factor for a good career, status in society and a huge advantage in knowledge and better communication in the entire world. If India has to progress then it cannot ignore the importance of the English language. David Graddol observed that throughout India, there is an extraordinary belief amongst all castes and classes, in both rural and urban areas, in the transformative power of English. English is seen not just as a useful skill, but as a symbol of a better life, a pathway out of poverty and oppression.  

English was the greatest gift of Goddess Saraswati to India - Rajaji

One language sets you in a corridor for life. 

Two languages open every door along the way - Frank Smith

English literature in quantity and quality is second to none - H Champion

Remember the old words from a teacher - When you go to USA as a student, to escape from paying fine talk in English, laugh in English, cry in English, etc... if not pay fine, every time you speak in something other than English.

Information is empowering

• Information: Facts provided or learned about something or someone. 
• Knowledge: Information and skills acquired through experience or education. The theoretical or practical understanding of a subject.
• Information is only a means to empowerment. Knowledge is power and sharing knowledge is empowering. 
• Information is free. Knowledge is not.
• Information is empowering. It can make us stronger, more confident, more in control and more able to claim our rights. It enables us to grow and learn. It helps us to make good decisions, engage with each other, build knowledge, create informed communities, connect globally, and in many other ways. 
• Information provides individuals with knowledge to address public issues, scrutinize government and become active participants in the democratic process. It reveals and clarifies the basis for government decisions, discloses environmental and health dangers and sheds light on error, mismanagement and illegal activities.
• Facts and figures doesn't speak for themselves. They have to be examined and interpreted by reason. Information results in improved records management, prompts routine disclosure of information, and results in better government services and efficiencies.
• Unless information is organized, processed, and available to the right people in a format for decision making, it is a burden, not a benefit.
• Information is power, but interpretation is more powerful. Data taken out of context can have unintended consequences. Transparency alone is not the great equalizer. When we're overloaded with information, wisdom is obscured.  

Everyone has the right to freedom of opinion and expression; 
this right includes freedom to hold opinions without interference and to seek, 
receive and impart information and ideas through any media and regardless of frontiers 
... United Nations, Universal Declaration of Human Rights

In common use almost every word has many shades of meaning, 

and therefore needs to be interpreted by the context ... Alfred Marshall

Benefits of Blogging

The power of a blog to educate, inspire, and bring like-minded people together makes blogging a great way to help people. Trust is a rare and valuable commodity online. It has to be earned by demonstrating your commitment to your readers, time and time again. That’s exactly what good bloggers do by regularly posting valuable, honest articles on their blogs. The more people whose trust you’ve earned, the easier it will be to accomplish your goals online.

• Express yourself and share your passions
  Blogs serve as a platform for people to voice their ideas, thoughts, and feelings. Whether your passion is business, personal finance, cooking, politics, photography, or marketing, blogging gives you the opportunity to connect and network with like minded individuals who share the same passions.
• Make a difference 
  Whether it’s a political, environmental or social cause, a blog is a great way to build awareness and garner support.
• Share your knowledge
  If you’re someone who loves to teach, starting a blog can provide the opportunity to educate others interested in your field of expertise. As you build resources on your blog to teach others, you may realize there is a chance to monetize your blog by creating educational products or services online.
• Refine your writing skills
  The more you write, the better you become at it due to analysis and proofreading constantly. You may even get feedback from readers. However, being a good writer is not a prerequisite for a successful blog. 
• Learn to make money on line
  Most people start out with one blog, but along the way, they gain experience and eventually generate ideas for blogs in other areas. The dos and don’ts, marketing strategies that are effective to make money blogging will help you accelerate the growth.
  Read PatFlynn's success story.
• Build your professional network
  Blogging is a community-based endeavor, and networking is one reason people engage in it. Whether you are a solopreneur or blogging to market your business, building relationships will facilitate your blog’s growth. Meanwhile, growing your online network has its own side benefits, such as gaining access to tools, seminars, workshops, product unveilings, and other events. Starting a blog is a guaranteed way to expand your network.
• Earn more exposure
  Businesses create blogs primarily to expand their online presence, connect with potential customers, promote their brand in a positive conversation, and even generate online revenue. Beyond the immediate results, businesses use content marketing to rank their posts in search engines, thereby generating residual leads and revenue.
• Become an authority in your industry
  A blog can be utilized as a platform to showcase your knowledge and expertise. Publishing blog posts that are accurate, timely, relevant, and informative will eventually get the attention of industry insiders and earn you recognition as an authoritative source and thought-leader.
• Market your business
  For companies and entrepreneurs, gaining online visibility is one of the best ways to grow subscribers, leads and ultimately revenue. This can’t be achieved with a static corporate website. Creating blog content that is valuable, helpful, and/or entertaining is an effective way to grow your website’s authority, online rankings, and traffic.

The richest people in the world build networks. Everyone else looks for work.

Vidura Neethi

Mahaatma Vidura was an incarnation of Yama or Dharma Raja born as son of a nobel & pious women by the grace of Bhagvan Veda Vyaasa. In Mahabharata, Vidur is shown as an ideal devotee, a high class hermit, straight forward and a good statesman. Vidura was also the was half-brother to Dhritarashtra and Pandu.  Vidura was a true Rishi & a well known scholar of all shastras.

1. A man who is respected by good men, who is not proud, and who earns as per his capability such man acquires glory in short span of time.
2. Advice only when requested.
3. People who suffer sleeplessness are
   (i)   Lovers
   (ii)  People with no moral values
   (iii) People with skills lacking resources and
   (iv) People usurped the wealth of strong people through deceit.
4. Leaders who delegate authority to unworthy people lose peace of mind.
5. Success and Happiness
   (i)   Success of a person is judged by others
   (ii)  Happiness is felt by you.
   (iii) Only peace of mind gives you happiness
6. One should identify tasks which require minimum resources and effort and will give maximum benefits and swiftly implement them.
7. Impulsive decision should not be taken.
8. Never divulge strategic initiatives prematurely to others.
9. Treat other people the way he would like to be treated by them.
10. Silence is preferred to indiscreet talking.
11. Be well balanced in successes and failures.
12. A person acquires qualities according to
    (i)   with whom he moves
    (ii)  under whom he serves and
    (iii) whom he keeps in heart as role model
13. (i)  Old age destroys beauty
    (ii)  Temptation destroys patience
    (iii) Greed spoils malicious man
    (iv)  Anger destroys wealth
    (v)  One's good nature sours as a result of servicing the wicked
    (vi)  Lust destroys shame
    (vii) Ego destroys everything
14. Never eat or travel or celebrate alone.
15. Giving money to undeserving people and not giving to deserving people are the easiest ways to waste money.
16. The man who is proud, who talks about big schemes even in poverty, and who desires money without hard-work  is nothing, but a fool.
17. Speak politely and never entertain or tolerate the enemy.
18. Those who forgive despite their strength & capabilities and who do charity even in poverty are two kinds of men who seek position higher than heaven.
19. Aphrodisiac, greed, and anger are like doors to hell and prove corrosive to ones soul.
20. Avoid stupid, lazy, rash, and bard people.
21. A prosperous man must provide shelter to old members of family or a person of high clan facing troubles in life, a poor friend, and widowed sister.
22. Gaining wealth, remaining healthy, having a beautiful wife with sweet voice, having obedient sons, and having education that earns you money are the six things that let you enjoy ultimate-happiness in this world.
23. Absence of diseases, absence of debt, no compulsion to stay in foreign land, good relation with friends & relatives, having control on livelihood, and living a life free from fear are the six things that deliver ultimate joy to a man.
24. An envying person, hater, dissatisfied, angry, suspicious about everything, and a person who lives on mercy of others; remain unhappy forever.
25. The best policy for a wise man is to marry, friendship, and talk with people who are his equivalents. 

Quotable Quotes

You can influence other person in three ways.
By quotation, by quotation and by quotation.

1. The great masses of people will more easily fall victims to a big lie than a small one - Adolf Hitler
2. The victor will never be asked if he told the truth - Adolf Hitler
3. A friend to all is friend to none - Aristotle
4. A friend in power is a friend lost - Unknown
5. Civilization is the progress toward a society of privacy. Civilization is the process of setting man free from men - Aristotle
6. Upper classes are the nation's past; Middle class is its future - Ayn Rand
7. Intellectual property has the shelf lie as a banana - Bill Gates
8. If you can't make it good, at least make it look good - Bill Gates
9. Rich countries can afford to overpay for things - Bill Gates
10. Success is lousy teacher. It seduces smart people into thinking they can't lose
    - Bill Gates
11. Knowledge will give you power; But character respect - Bruce Lee
12. Search others for their virtue and yourself for your vises - Buckminister Fuller 
13. You must endure trying times and believe best times are coming - Dodinsky
14. Don't find fault; Find a remedy  - Henry Ford
15. Nothing is perfect. Life is messy. Relationships are complex. Outcomes are uncertain. People are irrational  - Hugh Mackay 
16. One must be beware of Ministers who can do nothing without money and those who want to everything with money - Indira Gandhi
17. There are two kinds of people, those who do the work and those who take the credit. Try to be in the first group; there is less competition there - Indira Gandhi 
18. No matter how busy you are, you must take time to make other person feel important - Mary Kay Ash  
19. Some cause happiness wherever they go; others  whenever they go
    - Oscar Wilde
20. Greatest wealth is to live content with little - Plato   
21. True friendship can exist only between equals - Plato 
22. The price good men pay for indifference to public affairs is to be ruled by evil men - Plato
23. Good people do not need laws to tell them to act responsibly, while bad people will find a way around the laws - Plato
24. Love does not claim possession, but gives freedom - Rabindranath Tagore 
25. Not admitting a mistake is a bigger mistake - Robert Half
26. When a father gives to his son, both laugh;
    when a son gives to his father, both cry - William Shakespeare
27. Injustice anywhere is threat to justice everywhere - Martin Luther King Jr
28. We must accept finite disappointment,but never lose infinite hope
    - Martin Luther King Jr
29. We must learn to live as brothers or perish together as fools
    - Martin Luther King Jr
30. All progress is precarious, and the solution of one problem brings us face to face with another problem - Martin Luther King Jr 
31. There can be no doubt that the average man blames much more than he praises. His instinct is to blame. If he is satisfied he says nothing; if he is not, he most illogically kicks up a row - Golda Meir
32. To be successful, a woman has to be much better at her job than a man
    - Golda Meir
33. It is easier to resist at the beginning than at the end - Leonardo da Vinci
34. Just as courage imperils life, fear protects it - Leonardo da Vinci
35. He who wishes to be rich in day will be hanged in a year - Leonardo da Vinci
36. Nearly all men can stand adversity, but if you want to test a man's character, give him power - Abraham Lincoln
37. Better to remain silent and be thought a fool than to speak out and remove all doubt - Abraham Lincoln
38. You can fool all the people for some of the time, and some people all the time, but you can't fool all the people all the time - Abraham Lincoln
39. This country, with its institutions, belongs to people who inhabit it. Whenever they shall grow weary of the existing government, they can exercise their constitutional right of amending it, or exercise their revolutionary right to overthrow it
    - Abraham Lincoln
40. Don't worry when you are not recognized, but strive to be worthy of recognition - Abraham Lincoln
41. Marriage is neither hell nor heaven, it is simply purgatory - Abraham Lincoln
42. No man has good enough memory to be a successful liar - Abraham Lincoln
43. Discourage litigation. Persuade your neighbors to compromise whenever you can. As a peacemaker the lawyer has superior opportunity of being a good man. There will still be business enough - Abraham Lincoln
44. Don't interfere with anything in the Constitution. That must be maintained, for it is the only safeguard of our liberties - Abraham Lincoln
45. As I would not be a slave, so I would not be a master. This expresses my idea of democracy - Abraham Lincoln
46. You have to do your own growing no matter how tall your grandfather was
    - Abraham Lincoln
47. I have always found that mercy bears richer fruits than strict justice
     - Abraham Lincoln
48. These capitalists generally act harmoniously and in concert, to fleece people - Abraham Lincoln
49. Folks who have no vices have very few virtues - Abraham Lincoln
50. Labor is prior to, and independent of, capital. Capital is only the fruit of labor, and could never have existed if labor had not first existed. Labour is superior capital, and deserves much higher consideration - Abraham Lincoln
51. If you want to walk fast, walk alone. But if you want to walk far walk together
     - Ratan Tata
52. No need for revenge. Just sit back and wait. Those who hurt you will eventually screw up themselves and if you are lucky God will let you watch - Ratan Tata
53. A little house well fill’d, a little land well till’d, and a little wife well will’d, are great riches - James Hook 

Ayn Rand - Fountain Head - Quotes

Freedom is to ask nothing. To expect nothing. To depend on nothing.

To sell your soul is the easiest thing in the world.  That's what everybody does every hour of his life. To keep your soul -  that's much harder.

It's simple to seek substitutes for competence.But there is no substitute for competence.

Integrity is the ability to stand by an idea. That presupposes the ability to think. Thinking is something one doesn’t borrow or pawn.

Patience is always rewarded and romance is always round the corner!

Self respect is something that can't be killed. The worst thing is to kill a man's pretense at it.

One loses everything when one loses one's sense of humor.

Never ask people about your work.

Don't think, believe. Trust your heart, not your brain. Don't think, feel.

Civilization is the process of setting man free from men.

Worry is a waste of emotional reserve.

I do not recognize anyone's right to one minute of my life. 

Every loneliness is a pinnacle.

There is no substitute for personal dignity. There is no standard of personal dignity except independence.

A quest for self respect is proof of its lack.

Don't worry. They're all against me. But I have one advantage: they don't know what they want. I do.

One must never allow oneself to acquire an exaggerated sense of one's own importance. There's no necessity to burden oneself with absolutes.

What can be done with one substance must never be done with another.

I could die for you. But I couldn't and wouldn't live for you.

The causes of illusions are not pretty to discover. They're either vicious or tragic.

The hardest thing to explain is the glaringly evident which everybody has decided not to see.

Board of directors is one or two ambitious men--and a lot of ballast. I mean that groups of men are vacuums. Great big empty nothings. 

It's so much easier to pass judgment on a man than an idea.

The shortest distance between two points is not a straight line--it's a middleman. And the more middlemen, the shorter.

Every form of happiness is private. Our greatest moments are personal, self-motivated, not to be touched. The things which are sacred or precious to us are the things we withdraw from promiscuous sharing.

He demanded of all people the one thing he had never granted anybody: obedience.

Unselfishness is the only moral principle, the noblest principle and a sacred duty and much more important than freedom. Unselfishness is the only way to happiness. 

No gift is worth a damn, unless its the most precious thing you've got.

Reason can be fought with reason. How are you going to fight the unreasonable?

When facing society, the man most concerned, the man who is to do the most and contribute the most, has the least say. 

It’s so much easier to pass judgment on a man than on an idea. 

What shall it profit a man, if he shall gain the whole world, and lose his own soul?
Then, in order to be truly wealthy, a man should collect souls?

A thing is not high if one can reach it;
it is not great if one can reason about it;
it is not deep if one can see its bottom.

The man whose sole aim is to make money. Now I don’t see anything evil in a desire to make money. But money is only a means to some end. If a man wants it for a personal purpose—to invest in his industry, to create, to study, to travel, to enjoy luxury—he’s completely moral. But the men who place money first go much beyond that. Personal luxury is a limited endeavor. What they want is ostentation: to show, to stun, to entertain, to impress others. They’re second-handers. 

To stop consciousness is to stop life.

But a desire to choose the hardest might be a confession of weakness in itself.

The man who speaks to you of sacrifice, speaks of slaves and masters. And intends to be the master.

Anything may be betrayed, anyone may be forgiven. But not those who lack courage of their own greatness.

Happiness is self-contained and self-sufficient. Happy men have no time and no use for you. Happy men are free men.Great men can’t be ruled... The great is the rare, the difficult, the exceptional.

The egotist is not the man who sacrifices others. He doesn't use others in any manner. He is not concerned with them in any matter. He does not exist for any other man—and he asks no other man to exist for him.

A small house is the true luxury. 









YET TO BE COMPLETED
https://www.goodreads.com/work/quotes/3331807-the-fountainhead?page=12

Riparian Rights

Riparian water rights (or simply riparian rights) is a system for allocating water among those who possess land along its path.

The English water law first adopted in the United States was premised on the natural flow doctrine, pursuant to which a riparian owner has the right to a natural water flow of undiminished quantity and unimpaired quality.

In general, the right of a riparian owner to appropriate the water is 
limited to his use for such purposes, to such an extent and in such a 
way as will not be inconsistent with a similar use by the lower owners. 
Since the effect upon the lower riparian proprietor is made the test, 
it would make little difference whether the water was taken for use on 
riparian or non-riparian lands, just so long as it did not essentially 
interfere with the exercise of the common right by the other riparian 
owners.If the use is lawful and beneficial, it must be deemed to be 
reasonable, and not an infringement of the right of other riparian 
owners to whom it occasions no actual and perceptible damages either 
as to the present or future use of the riparian land. The question in 
such a case is not whether the diversion being for a legitimate use 
and in quantity such as is reasonable, having regard to all the 
circumstances, but only whether it causes actual damage to the 
person complaining.

General Principle:

Under the riparian principle, all landowners whose properties adjoin a body of water have the right to make reasonable use of it as it flows through or over their properties. If there is not enough water to satisfy all users, allotments are generally fixed in proportion to frontage on the water source. These rights cannot be sold or transferred other than with the adjoining land and only in reasonable quantities associated with that land. The water cannot be transferred out of the watershed without due consideration as to the rights of the downstream riparian landowners.

Riparian rights include such things as the right to access for swimming, boating and fishing; the right to wharf out to a point of navigability; the right to erect structures such as docks, piers, and boat lifts; the right to use the water for domestic purposes; the right to accretions caused by water level fluctuations; the right to exclusive use if the water body is non-navigable. Riparian rights also depend upon "reasonable use" as it relates to other riparian owners to ensure that the rights of one riparian owner are weighed fairly and equitably with the rights of adjacent riparian owners.

Under riparian law, water is a public good like the air, sunlight, or wildlife. It is not "owned" by the government, state or private individual but is rather included as part of the land over which it falls from the sky or then travels along the surface.

In determining the contours of riparian rights, there is a clear distinction between navigable (public) waters and non-navigable waters. The land below navigable waters is the property of state, and subject to all the public land laws and in most states public trust rights. Navigable waters are treated as public highways with any exclusive riparian right ending at the ordinary high water mark. Like a road, any riparian right is subordinate to the public's right to travel on the river, but any public right is subject to nuisance laws and the police power of the state. It is not an individual right or liberty interest. Because a finding of navigability establishes state versus federal property, navigability for purposes of riverbed title is a federal question determined under federal law; the states retain residual power to define navigability for the purposes of defining the public trust over water within their borders.

The reasonable use of the water by a riparian owner is subject to the downstream riparian owners 'riparian right' to receive waters undiminished in flow and quality. Since all surface waters eventually flow to the public ocean, federal regulatory authority under the Clean Waters Act, like the Clean Air Act, extends beyond only public (navigable) waters to prevent downstream pollution. Land beyond the low water mark belongs to the state government.

The doctrine of equitable apportionment is oriented toward satisfying equally the interests of all riparians. The doctrine of equitable apportionment alone, however, establishes only the equal right of each riparian to an equitable share in the benefits of the river. The total benefits of the river have to be shared equitably by all the riparians is apt to engender the incentive for enlarging the opportunities to be shared through joining in a regional project.

Whenever new state were to come into existence will be on an "equal footing" with the original states.

Also see Water Appropriation Systems

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