Showing posts with label irrigation. Show all posts
Showing posts with label irrigation. Show all posts

Tuesday, 30 January 2018

Economic survey 2018

  • GDP is likely to touch 6.75% by the close of this FY. Far behind 8% of 2015-16. Remember GDP growth has nothing to do with well being of common man.
  • Tax base goes up but tax collections are lower.
  • Three year low oil price bonanza is over. The benefit was squandered away foolishly by Modi & Jaitley. Any further increase of oil price will not only slow does GDP growth but impacts inflation.
  • A $20 per barrel increase in oil prices will result in GDP growth slowdown by 1%, and a rise in inflation of 1%.
  • If high international oil prices persist or elevated stock prices correct sharply, provoking a ‘sudden stall’ in capital flows is likely.
  • In the medium term, the three areas that would require a policy focus including employment, education, and agriculture.
  • Further economic reforms like completing banks recapitalization, completing privatization of Air India.
  • The Sensex has risen 46%, during past 2 years, while economic growth and corporate profits have decelerated. This trend has largely been driven by expectations of a revival in growth and a sudden change in the savings pattern of households after demonetisation. A sharp correction cannot be ruled out in case future growth of the economy and corporate earnings do not remain in line with current expectations and stock markets could trigger "stall" in capital flows and force hikes in interest rates.
  • Due to climate change, annual agricultural incomes could reduce by 15-18% in irrigated areas and 20-25% in unirrigated areas. Higher investment needs to be made towards expanding irrigation with the implementation of efficient drip and sprinkler technologies. A plan to provide direct income support to farmers can be put in motion to replace inefficient agricultural subsidies. 
  • Although India's unemployment rate is around 3.5%, the unemployment rate in the 15-24 age group stands at 10.5%, as per ILO estimates. India has an abysmally low capacity to provide jobs to first-time workers. The only solution for India is to strengthen its manufacturing sector. 
  • Providing incentives to labour-intensive export sectors  will not only provide jobs but also implies higher current account surplus for the economy which can provide a cushion against swings in the global oil prices. Therefore, it would go a long way in reducing India's historical macro-economic vulnerability. 
  • Congress leader  Randeep Surjewala said that it has turned out to be much ado without direction, cohesion and vision. Modinomics had decoupled India's robust economy by myopic vision and the double whammy of demonetisation and ill-conceived GST. With one year to go for next general elections, Prime Minister Modi has plunged India's Economy towards despondency, dejection and dire straits.
  • Senior Congress leader P.Chidambaram said though the survey says growth rate for 2017-18 will be 6.75%, implying a second half growth rate of 7.5%, it offers little evidence in support of this claim. Causing 'agrarian distress' is the designed objective of the Modi government as the agriculture-GDP growth under the Modi government has plunged to just 1.9%, half of what was achieved in the first four years of the UPA. It is obvious that the government hopes that the private sector will come to the rescue of the economy. There is not much gas left in the government.
  • In a jibe at the government, Mr Rahul Gandhi tweeted, "The Economic Survey 2018 says, 'Acche Din' are here, except for these minor hiccups: Industrial Growth is (down). Agricultural Growth is (down). GDP Growth is (down) and Job Growth is (down). Don't worry Be Happy!" He also tagged a video of the song "Don't worry be happy" with the tweet.
Modi is in a fiscal bind. Revenue collection remains under pressure following the chaotic roll-out of a GST, and with an eye on next year's election, his spending priorities may turn to the distressed rural sector, putting pressure on the budget deficit. Even though government committed 3.2% budget deficit for this year analysts expect this at 3.5% this year and and 3.2% next year.

Economic upturn is defined as higher GDP growth over three consecutive quarters. Not every uptick which Modi's team bombard incessantly in media and social media. All these economic data doesn't mean anything really. Go to a village and talk to them or meet some frustrated unemployed youngsters in every street corner in the evenings and you will realize state of economy. Nearly 10% of voters for 2019 elections are first time voters in age band of 18-25 educated and/or skilled joined workforce but unemployed who have no knowledge of history or politics or bothered about GDP growth or corruption. Most of them are engaged in subsistence activities and are thoroughly frustrated. They would teach lesson to Modi and BJP in 2019 general elections.

The man who could not do any thing with Rs.4-5 lakh crores of oil bonanza money in 3 years except resorting to wild gambling what can he do now with no money, non performing economy and almost all sectors in distress. Corruption is not the only high priority item in our country. The priority items are healthcare, education, unemployment, agrarian distress, and many more after which corruption control and bullet train comes. Unfortunately for our flamboyant PM style, spectacle and display alone matters and nothing else. Modi has made a hash of anything and everything. The worst PM ever in history of India. The only way to show performance is to create wrong data and that is what exactly he and his gang are doing.


Monday, 5 June 2017

Agriculture in distress in India

  • More than 50% of workforce is employed in agriculture in India, most of them underemployed.
  • Agriculture constitutes 17% of GDP.
  • Country will develop only when large part of its workforce is gainfully employed in other sectors.
  • Many schemes have been launched to improve appalling inefficiency of agriculture, but is an herculean task.
  • Agriculture growth is 2% per annum where as GDP growth was around 7%.
  • In 1960's agriculture has done commendable job [Green Revolution] of feeding country's large populace.
  • Little has changed in the past 50 years of agriculture, since 1960's.
  • Every variable of agriculture namely land holding, soil, water, farming technology, and markets is in crisis, today.
  • An estimated 3.18 lakh farmers committed suicide between 1995-2015.
  • 55% of agriculture is monsoon dependent. Only 45% of cultivable land is irrigated.
  • Droughts often leads to small farmer suicides.
  • 60% of irrigated land is ground water dependent and its water efficiency abysmal. Shift from flood irrigation to micro irrigation systems will be helpful for conserving water and saving on irrigation costs.
  • With free irrigation and electricity, maintenance of these systems deteriorated effecting farming. Maintenance fee should be revived for making these irrigation systems sustainable. Solar powered pump sets will be helpful.
  • Average land holding have halved from 2.5 hectares in 1970 to 1.2 hectares today. Majority of the holdings are less than one acre. Almost 70% of farmers hold 30% of cultivable land. Small holdings make them good only for subsistence agriculture.
  • Half of the land holdings are ravaged by erosion and alkalinity. Excessive usage of urea and pesticides has compromised soil fertility. Organic farming should be promoted for soil conservation.
  • Labor component is 40% of total cost of inputs. Farm mechanization will reduce this expense and dependence on manual labour.
  • Meager cold storage facilities in case of excess produced.
  • While input prices are steadily increasing, output prices are falling, making farming risky and unviable proposition in India.
  • Agriculture loan waivers by states makes them compete with each other  and pull down national economy. About Rs.3 lakh crores is needed if all farmer loans are to be waived in the entire country.
  • Modi has promised for doubling of farmer income by 2022. Nothing much has been done in the past three years. To achieve this, an investment of Rs.3 lakh crores is needed. Reduce costs by farm mechanization and reduce dependence on manual labour. 
  • Food processing industry is at its nascent stage.
  • The country desperately needs another revolution in agriculture for the farmer to breakout of his vicious cycle of misery and for us to become a modern economy.
What ever can go wrong, has gone wrong with rural India

My View:
On one hand centre and RBI warns states to be cautious of their own finances before announcing populist measures, it is Modi who announced farm loan waiver for UP farmers during election campaign, few days before start of polling, without which BJP wouldn't have won UP elections 2017. Modi opened Pandora's box and farmers in all states are pressurizing state governments to waive their loans and till then they are reluctant or refusing to pay up outstanding loans. Only left parties argued that if banks can have NPA's and black money continues to be stashed abroad, why can't farmer loans waived. Unless land reforms are implemented to pool lands to holdings of viable size of 20-50 acres with easy lease enforcement, agriculture may not become viable. Quality inputs, easy credit, warehousing & cold storage and effective marketing must be organized for higher farm productivity and income enhancement. If government is serious about well being of farmers, correction of policy distortions, promotion of organic farming for sustainable agriculture etc. the vicious cycle of farmer indebtedness and suicides will never end.